Nitrate reduction with bimetallic catalysts. A stability-addressed overview

• Pd-Sn and Pd-In catalysts have emerged as competitive alternative to Pd-Cu pair. An excess of promoter or noble metal provoke adverse effects on catalytic denitrification. Fouling leaching are considered the main causes catalyst deactivation. Regeneration processes been developed provide new life deactivated catalysts. Nitrate (NO 3 – ) pollution water bodies is a serious environmental problem worldwide. One major concerns about NO contamination lack cost-effective solutions for its removal from potential drinking resources. Current technologies, such ion exchange, reverse osmosis electrodialysis, produce reject with high concentration. Catalytic reduction an emerging technology, capable transforming into harmless N 2 . A critical issue achieve almost complete selectivity this last species so that final concentrations NH 4 + can fit stringent allowed limits. Numerous studies carried out evaluating activity bimetallic Catalyst deactivation by surface fouling, irreversible oxidation promoter, aggregation metallic particles remain challenge full-scale implementation nitrate reduction. Therefore, it necessary develop highly stable and/or effective regeneration. The existing literature respect reviewed hereby.